Leave a Review For Providers 0 0
  • Post a Project
Home eCommerce Canada Ontario St. Catharines

Top E-Commerce Developers in St. Catharines

Ratings Updated: June 4, 2026
We verify reviews and evaluate companies so you can choose with confidence. We may earn a fee for some placements. Learn how Clutch ensures trust
Get Matched

2 Leaders 15 Contenders

426 Companies

Country: Canada
Province: Ontario
City: St. Catharines

List of the Top St. Catharines E-Commerce Development Firms

  • Featured

    What are Featured Providers?

    August Ash Logotype

    August Ash

    4.8 23 reviews
    Premier Verified
    $10,000+
    $150 - $199 / hr
    10 - 49
    Serves St. Catharines, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    30% Web Development
    10% Digital Strategy +5 services
    10% Ecommerce Marketing
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% UX/UI Design
    10% Web Design

    August Ash is a comprehensive web development and digital marketing agency known for its design, SEO, and website management services. The company receives predominantly positive feedback, with approximately 87% of reviewers highlighting their professionalism, timeliness, and communication skills. A recurring theme across reviews is their ability to align with company values and deliver high-quality results, making clients feel valued and heard throughout the project lifecycle.

    See all 23 projects

    Reviews mention Personable

    Clients consistently highlight the personable nature of August Ash, noting their dedication to understanding unique business needs. One client remarked on the team's effort to know their company better, stating, "Nothing they do feels cookie-cutter." This tailored approach fosters trust and confidence, as clients feel they are treated as individuals rather than just another project. Overall, sentiment regarding their personable service is overwhelmingly positive.
    • Web Posting, SEO & Paid Ads for Financial Services Company
      5.0 Mar 28, 2024

      The team and company is both extremely smart and talented at what they do, but they are also very personable and fun to work with - which is a winning combination!

      Read Full Review
    Read All Reviews
    1 of 2 reviews are 5 stars
    $10,000 – $49,000 avg. project cost

    Reviewed 2 times in the past 6 months

    Recent client feedback for August Ash indicates strong overall satisfaction, particularly regarding their exceptional leadership and commitment to client missions. A CEO praised their effective project management and personal attention, stating, "we felt like partners, and ultimately, like we had made new friends." However, some clients noted areas for improvement in communication and project scoping, with one marketing director expressing frustration over unexpected costs and a lack of timely communication. Overall, clients appreciate the quality of work delivered.
    Read 2 Recent Reviews

    Average Project Cost Breakdown

    $50,000 to $199,999 (9) $10,000 to $49,000 (7) Less than $10,000 (1) $10,000,000 + (1)

    What Clients Have Said

    Clients consistently noted that August Ash offers good value for money, with several highlighting that their pricing fits within budget constraints. For instance, one client appreciated the company's pricing structure in relation to the project's scope, while another emphasized the strong alignment of costs with the delivered quality. Overall, feedback suggests a positive sentiment regarding the cost-effectiveness of their services, although some clients indicated unexpected additional fees that could be better communicated upfront.
    Read All Reviews

    More responsive than most other service providers

    August Ash is very responsive

    They are a great candidate to start a conversation with. Send them a short message or project inquiry.
    Get in Touch
    View Profile Visit Website
    Blue Badger Logotype

    Blue Badger

    5.0 1 review
    Verified
    $25,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    10 - 49
    Serves St. Catharines, Canada

    Services provided

    40% E-Commerce Development
    15% Public Relations
    15% Search Engine Optimization +3 services
    10% Email Marketing
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Social Media Marketing

    Blue Badger is an E-Commerce Development company specializing in online store development and e-commerce website design. Reviews indicate a high level of satisfaction, with notable achievements in improving website speed, user experience, and conversion rates. 100% of reviewers emphasize their effective project management and partnership approach, contributing to significant revenue growth.

    See all 1 projects
    1 of 1 E-Commerce Development reviews are 5 stars
    1 new review for E-Commerce Development in past 6 months
    Unknown avg. project cost

    E-Commerce Development PROJECT HIGHLIGHT

    Shopify Web Design & Development for Women's Clothing Co

    5.0 — Blue Badger has refreshed a Shopify Plus website for a women's clothing company. The team has modernized a promo engine, updated the front- and backend, and offered maintenance and hosting services. Read more
    Read 1 Review

    Industry Experience

    Blue Badger has demonstrated strong expertise in the Consumer Products industry, particularly in e-commerce solutions for women's clothing brands. Clients report significant improvements in website performance, user experience, and revenue growth, with a notable emphasis on conversion optimization. The overall sentiment is highly positive, highlighting their reliable project management, proactive communication, and collaborative approach. Potential clients in the e-commerce sector would likely find Blue Badger to be a fitting partner for their development needs.

    Read All Reviews

    Select Industry to see insights

    Consumer Products

    Average Project Cost Breakdown

    What Clients Have Said

    Clients express high satisfaction with Blue Badger's cost-effectiveness and overall value for money. One client noted that their revenue doubled after engaging Blue Badger, attributing the success to the team's ability to meet deadlines and stay within budget. The director of a women's clothing company emphasized the ease of collaboration and the firm's commitment to support, stating, 'They make things extremely easy' and recommending potential customers to 'go and sign them.'
    Read All Reviews

    More responsive than most other service providers

    Blue Badger is very responsive

    They are a great candidate to start a conversation with. Send them a short message or project inquiry.
    Get in Touch
    View Profile Visit Website
    Techgropse FZC LLC Logotype

    Techgropse FZC LLC

    4.8 102 reviews
    Premier Verified
    $25,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Serves St. Catharines, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    55% Mobile App Development
    20% AI Development +1 service
    10% Custom Software Development

    Techgropse FZC LLC is a web and e-commerce development company praised for its excellent project management and professional approach. Across reviews, 100% of clients commend their ability to meet deadlines and deliver high-quality results. Notably, they have successfully increased website traffic for clients, such as achieving a 50% traffic rise for a retail company.

    See all 102 projects

    Average Project Cost Breakdown

    $10,000 to $49,000 (19) Less than $10,000 (9) $50,000 to $199,999 (4)

    What Clients Have Said

    Clients consistently highlight Techgropse FZC LLC's strong value for money, noting that their pricing aligns well with project budgets. For instance, one client appreciated that their 'pricing fit our budget' while another emphasized 'good value for cost.' Overall sentiment reflects satisfaction with the company's ability to deliver quality services at competitive rates, enhancing operational efficiency and project outcomes.
    Read All Reviews

    More responsive than most other service providers

    Techgropse FZC LLC is very responsive

    They are a great candidate to start a conversation with. Send them a short message or project inquiry.
    Get in Touch
    $10,000 Best for Small Size Ecommerce Business $20,000 Best for Mid Size Ecommerce Business $30,000 Best for Enterprise Ecommerce Business

    Ecommerce Website Design and Development

    Techgropse offers different Ecommerce development Services for your store. Get your store Ecommerce website done from the leading Ecommerce expert in the industry. It includes: - Planning and Consulting - Design - Development - Deployment - Testing - Maintenance.
    View Packages
    View Profile Visit Website
  • Daydream Design Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    30% UX/UI Design
    25% Search Engine Optimization +4 services
    10% Marketing Strategy
    10% Social Media Marketing
    5% Data Annotation Services
    5% Graphic Design

    Daydream Design is an UX agency. The team is in Toronto, Canada, and their services include UX/UI Design and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Etrosoft Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    30% E-Commerce Development
    30% Web Development
    10% Logo +3 services
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design

    Etrosoft is a web development company established in 2007. Their team focuses on Web Development and E-Commerce Development.

    Read more
    View Profile

  • Featured

    What are Featured Providers?

    Chop-Chop Logotype

    Chop-Chop

    4.9 27 reviews
    Premier Verified
    $5,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    10 - 49
    Serves St. Catharines, Canada

    Services provided

    40% E-Commerce Development
    60% Web Development

    Chop-Chop is an E-Commerce Development firm renowned for crafting efficient and user-friendly online stores. With 100% positive feedback, clients praise their professional project management and ability to enhance website performance. Notably, 80% of reviews highlight their effective communication and swift issue resolution. Their expertise in E-Comm Dev and E-Commerce Website Design consistently impresses clients seeking tailored, high-quality online retail solutions.

    See all 27 projects

    Reviews mention Accommodating

    The feedback highlights Chop-Chop's strong accommodating nature, with clients praising their responsiveness to changes and willingness to adjust deliverables as needed. One client noted, "They're always accommodating to changes," emphasizing their flexibility during the project. Additionally, the level of transparency and efficiency in their project management was commended, further reinforcing the positive sentiment towards their accommodating approach.
    • Web Revamp for Communication & Digital Solutions Company
      5.0 Aug 7, 2024

      Chop Chop exceeded our expectations. Delivery was made in time and during the project they kept us in the loop on what they were working on. They're always accommodating to changes and if something didn't come out as expected, there was never any problem adjusting the product.

      Read Full Review
    Read All Reviews
    6 of 9 E-Commerce Development reviews are 5 stars
    1 new review for E-Commerce Development in past 6 months
    $10,000 – $49,000 avg. project cost

    E-Commerce Development PROJECT HIGHLIGHT

    E-Commerce Dev for Ski Equipment Company

    5.0 — Chop-Chop has developed and updated the web shop of a ski equipment company. The team has created product feeds and currency support for Denmark to improve online sales. Read more
    Read 9 Reviews

    Industry Experience

    Chop-Chop has garnered positive feedback across various industries including Sports, Advertising & Marketing, Financial Services, Design, Healthcare, Media, and IT Services. Clients commend their expertise in web development, project management, and responsiveness. The Sports industry highlighted improved e-commerce performance, while Advertising noted innovative solutions and quality design integration. In Financial Services, a successful game teaser website was developed, and Healthcare clients reported increased web traffic. Overall, sentiment is favorable, indicating Chop-Chop is well-suited for projects in e-commerce, digital marketing, and tech development.

    Read All Reviews

    Select Industry to see insights

    Advertising & marketing Financial services Design Healthcare Media Retail IT Services Automotive Consumer Products Gaming Arts, entertainment & music Information technology Sports

    Average Project Cost Breakdown

    Less than $10,000 (8) $10,000 to $49,000 (7) $50,000 to $199,999 (3) $200,000 to $999,999 (1)

    What Clients Have Said

    Client feedback highlights that Chop-Chop provides good value for money, with many reviews praising their competitive pricing and cost-effectiveness. One client noted, "Good value for cost," while another emphasized that their "pricing fit our budget." Overall sentiment indicates satisfaction with the balance of quality and affordability, with clients appreciating timely delivery within budget estimates. However, a few clients pointed out the occasional need for more precise project timelines, suggesting room for improvement in this area.
    Read All Reviews
    View Profile Visit Website
  • Muscled Inc. Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Pay Per Click
    20% Social Media Marketing +3 services
    20% UX/UI Design
    10% BI & Big Data Consulting & SI
    10% Web Development

    Launched in 2018, Muscled Inc. Is a social media marketing agency. The small team focuses on Social Media Marketing and Pay Per Click.

    Read more
    View Profile

    • Share your project goals, and we’ll connect you with verified partners who fit your budget and timeline.

    Get My Matches
  • FoJo Web Studio Logotype

    5.0 1 review
    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    60% Web Design
    5% Branding +4 services
    5% Logo
    5% Mobile App Development
    5% Search Engine Optimization
    5% Web Development

    FoJo Web Studio is a premier digital marketing and web development agency based in Toronto. We specialize in custom web design, e-commerce solutions, SEO, logo design and Branding. Our mission is to

    Read more
    See all 1 projects
    View Profile
  • Seekrette Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Branding
    20% Graphic Design +2 services
    20% Mobile & App Marketing
    20% Web Development

    Seekrette is a Toronto, Canada-based branding agency. Launched in 2012, the team specializes in Branding and E-Commerce Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Digioptimizer Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    10 - 49
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% Pay Per Click
    20% Search Engine Optimization +5 services
    10% Application Testing
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Development

    Digioptimizer is a SEO company. They were founded in 2015 and specialize in Search Engine Optimization and Pay Per Click.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Techdroid Inc. Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    15% Mobile App Development
    15% Web Development +6 services
    10% AI Development
    10% Branding
    10% Cloud Consulting & SI
    10% Digital Strategy
    10% Robotics Process Automation
    10% UX/UI Design

    Techdroid Inc. Is a small website development company founded in 2023. Their team offers Web Development and Mobile App Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Kevllar Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Content Marketing
    10% Graphic Design +7 services
    10% Logo
    10% Market Research
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% UX/UI Design
    10% Web Design

    Established in 2009, Kevllar is an user experience company. The team offers UX/UI Design and Content Marketing and is in Toronto, Canada.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Harbourfront Web Designs Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    < $25 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Content Marketing
    20% IT Staff Augmentation +2 services
    20% Search Engine Optimization
    20% Web Development

    Established in 2023, Harbourfront Web Designs is a Content Marketing company. The company offers Content Marketing and Search Engine Optimization, and is small.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Techsity Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $25,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    20% Custom Software Development
    15% Mobile App Development +5 services
    15% UX/UI Design
    15% Web Development
    10% Low/No Code Development
    5% AI Development
    5% Blockchain

    Techsity, a software development company, was founded in 2019. The midsize team specializes in Custom Software Development and UX/UI Design.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Arc10 Technologies Inc Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $5,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    30% Custom Software Development
    20% Mobile App Development +3 services
    15% Cloud Consulting & SI
    15% Web Development
    10% UX/UI Design

    Founded in 2018, Arc10 Technologies Inc is a small Toronto, Canada-based custom software development firm. Their services include Custom Software Development and Mobile App Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • ReignSearch Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Advertising
    20% Search Engine Optimization +2 services
    20% Social Media Marketing
    20% Web Design

    ReignSearch is a small Advertising company founded in 2016. Their team provides Advertising and E-Commerce Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Pixospace Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    < $25 / hr
    10 - 49
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    40% Web Development
    20% DevOps Managed Services +1 service
    20% UX/UI Design

    Pixospace is a website development firm. The Jaipur, India-based agency was established in 2024. Their team specializes in Web Development and UX/UI Design.

    Read more

    Brampton, Canada

    83 Turquoise Crescent
    Brampton, Canada L6P 0Z8

    2 - 5

    +91 869 064 9667

    See All Locations (2)
    View Profile
  • KarmaLn Technology LLP Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $5,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    35% CRM Consulting and SI
    20% Mobile App Development +4 services
    10% Application Management & Support
    10% Digital Strategy
    10% Web Development
    5% Wearable App Development

    KarmaLn Technology LLP, a CRM consulting and SI company, was established in 2019. The team focuses on CRM consulting and SI and Mobile App Development.

    Read more

    Toronto, Canada

    6 Pamela Ct
    Toronto, Canada M9V 2C3

    6 - 9

    6138697720

    See All Locations (2)
    View Profile
  • Brainvire Infotech Canada Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    250 - 999
    Mississauga, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% BI & Big Data Consulting & SI
    10% Blockchain +7 services
    10% Cloud Consulting & SI
    10% Content Marketing
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Development

    Brainvire Infotech Canada is a social media marketing firm based in Mississauga, Canada. Their services include Social Media Marketing and Content Marketing.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Fourth of August Creative Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Vaughan, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    30% Web Development
    20% Social Media Marketing +5 services
    10% Digital Strategy
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    5% Graphic Design
    5% Interior Design

    Fourth of August Creative is a website development firm. Founded in 2017, the company is headquartered in Vaughan, Canada. Their services include Web Development and Social Media Marketing.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Deeshal Digital Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    25% E-Commerce Development
    25% Web Development
    15% Search Engine Optimization +3 services
    15% Web Design
    10% Low/No Code Development
    10% Pay Per Click

    Deeshal Digital, a web design company, is based in Brampton, Canada. Launched in 2021, the team specializes in Web Design and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Private Label SEO Agency Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Application Management & Support
    20% Branding +2 services
    20% Search Engine Optimization
    20% Web Design

    Private Label SEO Agency, a branding agency, was founded in 2018. The midsize team focuses on Branding and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Buzz Techies Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    < $25 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    40% UX/UI Design
    20% Social Media Marketing +2 services
    20% Web Development
    10% Mobile App Development

    UX agency Buzz Techies is located in Brampton, Canada. Their services include UX/UI Design and Social Media Marketing.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • LYONS HUB Design Agency Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Packaging Design
    10% Web Development +14 services
    5% Advertising
    5% Branding
    5% Business Consulting
    5% Corporate Photography
    5% Digital Strategy
    5% Direct Marketing
    5% Ecommerce Marketing
    5% Email Marketing
    5% Graphic Design
    5% Market Research
    5% Marketing Strategy
    5% Print Design
    5% Social Media Marketing
    5% Web Design

    Launched in 2021, LYONS HUB Design Agency is a small Packaging Design company. Their team provides Packaging Design and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • ProMarketer Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $5,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Application Testing
    10% Branding +7 services
    10% Content Marketing
    10% Email Marketing
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% UX/UI Design
    10% Web Development

    ProMarketer, a branding agency, specializes in Branding and Social Media Marketing. The company is based in Toronto, Canada and Toronto, Canada.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • AANSEACORE Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% AI Development
    20% Cloud Consulting & SI +2 services
    20% IoT Development
    20% Web Development

    AANSEACORE is a cloud consulting & SI company. The team specializes in cloud consulting & SI and Web Development, and the firm is based in Toronto, Canada and Alpharetta, Georgia.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • SupraITS Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $10,000+
    $150 - $199 / hr
    50 - 249
    Mississauga, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% ERP Consulting and SI
    20% IT Managed Services +4 services
    15% Custom Software Development
    15% Mobile App Development
    10% Application Management & Support
    10% IT Staff Augmentation

    SupraITS is an ERP consulting and SI company. They were established in 1999, and their services include ERP consulting and SI and IT managed services.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Seelogics Inc Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% Custom Software Development
    20% Web Development +5 services
    10% Application Testing
    10% Graphic Design
    10% IT Strategy Consulting
    10% Logo
    10% Web Design

    Seelogics Inc is a custom software development firm. They are in Toronto, Canada and Chennai, India and have small team. Their services include Custom Software Development and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Nexera Technology and Consultancy Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Mississauga, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% BI & Big Data Consulting & SI
    20% Web Design +5 services
    20% Web Development
    10% Business Consulting
    10% Custom Software Development
    5% Content Moderation Services
    5% Data Annotation Services

    Based in Mississauga, Canada, Nexera Technology and Consultancy is a big data analytics company. They offer BI & big data consulting & SI and Web Design.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • 3merge Inc Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $10,000+
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Ajax, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    40% Web Development
    20% UX/UI Design +2 services
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Mobile App Development

    3merge Inc, a web development company, was launched in 2019. The agency focuses on Web Development and UX/UI Design.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • IT Web Solutions Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Branding
    10% Email Marketing +7 services
    10% IT Managed Services
    10% Logo
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% UX/UI Design
    10% Web Development

    IT Web Solutions, a branding agency, was established in 2019. The firm specializes in Branding and Social Media Marketing, and is small.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Ampere Digital Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Mississauga, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Pay Per Click
    20% Sales Outsourcing +2 services
    20% Search Engine Optimization
    20% Social Media Marketing

    Ampere Digital is a small social media marketing agency headquartered in Mississauga, Canada. Their services include Social Media Marketing and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Intelex Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% Content Writing Services
    20% Search Engine Optimization +4 services
    20% Web Development
    10% Graphic Design
    10% Logo
    10% Web Design

    In Toronto, Canada, Intelex is a SEO company. Founded in 2001, the team provides Search Engine Optimization and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Algocept Technology Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Web Development
    15% Application Management & Support +3 services
    15% Custom Software Development
    15% IT Staff Augmentation
    15% Mobile App Development

    Established in 2021, Algocept Technology is a website development firm. The agency specializes in Web Development and E-Commerce Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Dcoderr Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    15% AI Consulting
    15% IT Managed Services +5 services
    15% IT Strategy Consulting
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Low/No Code Development
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Web Development

    Established in 2023, Dcoderr is an IT strategy consulting company. The team provides IT strategy consulting and IT managed services.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • noBSdigital Logotype

    4.3 3 reviews
    $1,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    Freelancer
    Aurora, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    40% BI & Big Data Consulting & SI
    20% Business Consulting +1 service
    20% Conversion Optimization

    noBSdigital is a digital analytics consultancy specializing in data-driven solutions, such as analytics tools and KPI development. The company consistently receives positive feedback, with clients praising their expertise, timeliness, and quality of work. Approximately 66% of reviewers commend their subject matter expertise, while 33% recommend them for their independence and determination. Communication improvements are suggested by some reviewers.

    See all 3 projects

    Reviews mention Autonomous

    The overall sentiment regarding NoBSdigital's autonomy is positive. Clients appreciate their ability to work independently, completing deliverables on time with minimal oversight. One client noted, "We can give them a deliverable and trust they’ll complete it on time," highlighting their reliability. However, there is a suggestion for improved communication with end-clients. Overall, NoBSdigital demonstrates strong expertise and efficiency in managing projects autonomously.
    • Data Analytics for Digital Marketing Agency
      4.5 Mar 22, 2019

      They work very well independently—we can give them a deliverable and trust they’ll complete it on time. We tell them our instructions and expectations and they handle everything from there. We primarily communicate through phone and email.

      Read Full Review
    Read All Reviews

    Industry Experience

    noBSdigital has received positive feedback primarily from the Advertising & Marketing and Information Technology sectors. In Advertising & Marketing, clients praised their expertise in digital analytics, KPI definition, and project management, highlighting their ability to meet project specifications and deliver results on time. In the Information Technology sector, they are recognized for their thorough problem-solving abilities and effective reporting solutions. Overall, noBSdigital is well-suited for clients seeking data analytics and digital performance optimization across these industries.

    Read All Reviews

    Select Industry to see insights

    Advertising & marketing Information technology

    View projects from:

    Canada (2) United States (1)

    Review Rating from Clients

    4.8/5.0

    Quality

    5.0

    Schedule

    5.0

    Cost

    4.8

    Willing to Refer

    4.8

    Toronto clients commend noBSdigital for their advanced data analytics, reporting, and architecture services, supporting complex projects with tools like Tableau and Cube. Their commitment to quality, deep problem-solving, and effective communication make them a trusted partner for ongoing data-driven initiatives.
    Read Local Reviews
    View Profile
  • WebSonex - Digital Marketing Agency Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    10 - 49
    Vaughan, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    50% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Pay Per Click +3 services
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design
    10% Web Development

    WebSonex - Digital Marketing Agency is a SEO agency established in 2015. The company offers Search Engine Optimization and E-Commerce Development, and is small.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Aman Gulia - Web Developer Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    < $25 / hr
    Freelancer
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Branding
    10% Content Writing Services +7 services
    10% ERP Consulting and SI
    10% Email Marketing
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% UX/UI Design
    10% Web Design
    10% Web Development

    Aman Gulia - Web Developer, a branding firm, was founded in 2021. They offers Branding and Social Media Marketing.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Neha Naqvi - Digital Media Business Developer Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    Freelancer
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    15% E-Commerce Development
    20% Search Engine Optimization
    15% Web Development +5 services
    10% Graphic Design
    10% Logo
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design

    Neha Naqvi - Digital Media Business Developer is a Toronto, Canada-based SEO agency. Their services include Search Engine Optimization and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • RapideKops Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    25% Ecommerce Marketing
    25% Search Engine Optimization +3 services
    10% Graphic Design
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design

    RapideKops is a Brampton, Canada-based Ecommerce Marketing company. They specialize in Ecommerce Marketing and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Aurora Technology Development Inc. Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Markham, Canada

    Services provided

    25% E-Commerce Development
    25% Custom Software Development
    25% Mobile App Development +1 service
    25% Web Development

    Aurora Technology Development Inc. Is a small software development company headquartered in Markham, Canada. The team offers Custom Software Development and Web Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • TechHighway Systems Inc. Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Oakville, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    20% Web Development
    10% API Development +6 services
    10% Application Testing
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Sales Outsourcing
    10% Search Engine Optimization

    Launched in 2008, TechHighway Systems Inc. Is a small Oakville, Canada-based web development firm. Their services include Web Development and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • websiteTOON digital Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Mississauga, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Email Marketing
    20% Search Engine Optimization +2 services
    20% Social Media Marketing
    20% Web Development

    Social media marketing agency websiteTOON digital focuses on Social Media Marketing and Email Marketing. They are headquartered in Richmond Hill, Canada and Mississauga, Canada.

    Read more

    Mississauga, Canada

    405-218 Export Blvd.
    Mississauga, Canada L5S 1Y9

    2 - 5

    +1 647.987.8780

    See All Locations (3)
    View Profile
  • Prorigo Software Private Limited Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    250 - 999
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% CRM Consulting and SI
    20% IT Managed Services +2 services
    20% Mobile App Development
    20% Product Design

    Prorigo Software Private Limited is a Product Design company. The Brampton, Canada-based agency was established in 2008. Their team provides Product Design and CRM consulting and SI.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Design Labz Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    < $25 / hr
    10 - 49
    Guelph, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    30% Web Design
    20% Search Engine Optimization +2 services
    20% Web Development
    10% Mobile App Development

    Design Labz is a web design company. Launched in 2001, the team focuses on Web Design and E-Commerce Development.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Richard Chang | Professional Web Design Services Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    $50 - $99 / hr
    Freelancer
    Markham, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    40% Web Development
    30% Web Design +1 service
    10% UX/UI Design

    Richard Chang | Professional Web Design Services is a web development firm. They provide Web Development and Web Design and were launched in 2023. The company is headquartered in Markham, Canada.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • CIRRUSCLOUD SYSTEMS Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $5,000+
    < $25 / hr
    10 - 49
    Ajax, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    50% IT Managed Services
    20% Custom Software Development +2 services
    10% AI Agents
    10% AI Development

    Founded in 2015, CIRRUSCLOUD SYSTEMS is a small IT managed services company. Their team focuses on IT managed services and Custom Software Development.

    Read more

    Ajax, Canada

    14 Unsworth Crescent
    Ajax, Canada L1T 4Y2

    10 - 15

    See All Locations (3)
    View Profile
  • All The Way Up Media Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    2 - 9
    Vaughan, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    15% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Content Marketing +7 services
    10% Conversion Optimization
    10% Email Marketing
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design
    10% Web Development
    5% Digital Strategy

    Founded in 2016, All The Way Up Media is a SEO company. Their services include Search Engine Optimization and Social Media Marketing.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Sitation Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    50 - 249
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% AI Development
    10% BI & Big Data Consulting & SI +7 services
    10% Business Consulting
    10% CRM Consulting and SI
    10% Content Marketing
    10% Digital Strategy
    10% Generative AI
    10% IT Strategy Consulting
    10% Search Engine Optimization

    Sitation, a Digital Strategy company, was established in 2001. The team provides Digital Strategy and Content Marketing and is located in Apex, North Carolina and Toronto, Canada.

    Read more

    Toronto, Canada

    SkuCaster. 60 Atlantic Avenue
    Toronto, Canada M6K 1X9

    1

    See All Locations (2)
    View Profile
  • Weisetech Developers Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    2 - 9
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    20% Mobile App Development
    20% UX/UI Design +2 services
    20% Web Design
    20% Web Development

    In Toronto, Canada and Ahmedabad, India, Weisetech Developers is a web design company. Launched in 2012, the team offers Web Design and UX/UI Design.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Edifian Logotype

    4.6 13 reviews
    $1,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    10% Advertising
    10% Digital Strategy +7 services
    10% Graphic Design
    10% Marketing Strategy
    10% Pay Per Click
    10% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Social Media Marketing
    10% Web Design
    10% Web Development

    Edifian is an E-Commerce Development company specializing in digital marketing, website redesign, and SEO. They have received 100% positive feedback, with clients praising their project management and customer service. Their ability to optimize and transform basic websites into effective platforms is a noted strength, significantly improving site traffic and engagement.

    See all 13 projects

    Reviews mention Efficient

    Clients consistently praise Edifian for their efficiency in project execution and responsiveness. One client noted that tasks which could have taken months were completed in weeks, while another highlighted their quick turnaround time and personalized service. The collaborative approach and effective communication facilitated by Edifian further contributed to their clients' success, with one client reporting a 2000% increase in traffic and another emphasizing their impressive billing structure and strategic guidance.
    • Branding, Web Dev & Digital Mktg for Spiritual Wellness School
      5.0 Mar 4, 2022

      They’re very efficient, and they give great advice in terms of what direction I can take for my business. I also appreciate that they provide sample designs and photos to help me decide on what vibe I want for my brand. We share folders via Google Drive, and it’s very collaborative.

      Read Full Review
    • Web Development & SEO for Auto Parts Shop
      5.0 Dec 14, 2020

      Edifian is very efficient and responsive when it comes to getting critical tasks done. They also have a more collaborative approach wherein they drive a lot of the strategy we do and constantly access and suggest how we can improve our website and our presence online.

      Read Full Review
    Read All Reviews
    1 of 1 E-Commerce Development reviews are 5 stars
    Less than $10,000 avg. project cost

    E-Commerce Development PROJECT HIGHLIGHT

    E-Commerce Development for Women's Clothing Brand

    5.0 — Edifian is building an e-commerce site for a women's clothing brand. The client initially asked for a high-end design from an agency that understood women's fashion and their brand values. Read more
    Read 1 Review

    Average Project Cost Breakdown

    Less than $10,000 (7) $10,000 to $49,000 (1)

    What Clients Have Said

    Overall, client feedback regarding Edifian's cost and value for money is largely positive. Clients appreciate the affordable pricing relative to the quality of service, with one client noting an investment of approximately $5,400 resulted in significant sales increases. Another emphasized satisfaction with the flexible billing structure, which reflects services rendered. However, one review expressed concern over perceived dishonesty regarding billing and service delivery. Overall, sentiment leans toward valuing Edifian's services as effective and cost-efficient.
    Read All Reviews

    View projects from:

    New Zealand (8) Türkiye (1) United States (1)
    View Profile
  • ATH Technologies Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $300+ / hr
    2 - 9
    Richmond Hill, Canada

    Services provided

    20% E-Commerce Development
    15% Social Media Marketing
    10% AR/VR Development +7 services
    10% Branding
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% Mobile & App Marketing
    10% Web Development
    5% Direct Marketing
    5% UX/UI Design
    5% Web Design

    ATH Technologies is an e-commerce development firm. Their small team of employees is in Richmond Hill, Canada and Lahore, Pakistan. Their team offers E-Commerce Development and Social Media

    Read more
    View Profile
  • CodeWeb Technology Logotype

    Not yet reviewed

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Brampton, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    40% Web Development
    20% Mobile App Development +2 services
    20% Search Engine Optimization
    10% Pay Per Click

    CodeWeb Technology is a web development company. They are located in Brampton, Canada and Brampton, Canada and have small team. They specialize in Web Development and Search Engine Optimization.

    Read more
    View Profile
  • Mindlab Inc Logotype

    5.0 1 review
    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    2 - 9
    Markham, Canada

    Services provided

    10% E-Commerce Development
    15% AI Consulting
    15% AI Development +6 services
    10% API Development
    10% Custom Software Development
    10% DevOps Managed Services
    10% Generative AI
    10% Mobile App Development
    10% Web Development

    Mindlab Inc specializes in providing AI-driven solutions, including personalized learning platforms for educational applications. Reviews highlight their ability to increase student engagement and improve learning outcomes through innovative AI features. Clients commend their effective project management, timely delivery, and excellent communication, though some suggest that offering more proactive insights could enhance their service.

    See all 1 projects
    View Profile

Tell us what you need — we’ll match you with top agencies in minutes.

Get My Matches
tracking image

Why Trust Clutch

At Clutch, we believe trust is the foundation of every business relationship. Our mission is to help buyers make confident, data-backed decisions informed by real client experiences.

Every review on Clutch undergoes a rigorous, human-led verification process to make sure it’s valid. Our team of specialists confirms the identity of each reviewer, ensures the project is legitimate, and only publishes reviews that meet our strict criteria.

Verification doesn’t stop at the point of publication. Our Trust & Safety team routinely audits older reviews against our guidelines. When reviews fall short of our standards, we remove them.

We evaluate service providers using a structured methodology that combines:

  • In-depth client interviews and ratings
  • Comprehensive project details
  • Market presence
  • Portfolio examples and industry recognition

This data powers tools like the Leaders Matrix, which helps you compare agencies directly. Our research team curates rankings by weighing verified reviews most heavily, so the most trusted and experienced providers rise to the top.

Using this unique combination of verified client feedback and provider-supplied insights, Clutch distills the most important details into clear, digestible summaries so you have everything you need to make confident, informed decisions quickly.

We take fraud seriously. Providers who violate our guidelines may face lower rankings, restricted visibility, or removal from the platform altogether.

Clutch’s commitment to transparency is ongoing. We’re constantly refining our systems to protect the integrity of reviews and support you in finding the right agency.

Ability to deliver
Focus
Clutch Leaders Matrix

Rollover to see company insights or click a company below for more details.

1 Computan
2 Firescript

List of the Top 2 St. Catharines E-Commerce Development Firms

  1. Computan Logotype

    Computan

    $1,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Thorold, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    34.5/40.0
    15.8/20 Reviews
    10/10 Clients & Experience
    8.7/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    30% E-Commerce Development
    70% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  2. Firescript Logotype

    Firescript

    $10,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    2 - 9
    Pelham, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    27.8/40.0
    16.2/20 Reviews
    6.3/10 Clients & Experience
    5.3/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  3. SAPRATIGS LLP Logotype

    SAPRATIGS LLP

    $1,000+
    < $25 / hr
    10 - 49
    Niagara Falls, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    7.6/40.0
    0/20 Reviews
    3.6/10 Clients & Experience
    4/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  4. WEBDESK SOLUTION Logotype

    WEBDESK SOLUTION

    $5,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    33.7/40.0
    16.2/20 Reviews
    9.2/10 Clients & Experience
    8.3/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    45% E-Commerce Development
    55% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  5. Bounteous (formerly Demac Media) Logotype

    Bounteous (formerly Demac Media)

    Undisclosed
    $150 - $199 / hr
    50 - 249
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    30.8/40.0
    16.2/20 Reviews
    8.1/10 Clients & Experience
    6.5/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    55% E-Commerce Development
    45% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  6. MacRAE'S Logotype

    MacRAE'S

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    50 - 249
    Mississauga, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    33.8/40.0
    16/20 Reviews
    10/10 Clients & Experience
    7.8/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  7. Geoviz Logotype

    Geoviz

    $10,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Oakville, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    24.4/40.0
    16.2/20 Reviews
    2.9/10 Clients & Experience
    5.3/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    40% E-Commerce Development
    60% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  8. Default-Value Logotype

    Default-Value

    $5,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    50 - 249
    Mississauga, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    33.6/40.0
    15.8/20 Reviews
    10/10 Clients & Experience
    7.8/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    50% E-Commerce Development
    50% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  9. eLeoRex Technologies Canada Inc. Logotype

    eLeoRex Technologies Canada Inc.

    $5,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    10 - 49
    Hamilton, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    20.8/40.0
    16.2/20 Reviews
    0/10 Clients & Experience
    4.6/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    25% E-Commerce Development
    75% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  10. Orium Logotype

    Orium

    $100,000+
    $150 - $199 / hr
    50 - 249
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    30.1/40.0
    15.6/20 Reviews
    6.6/10 Clients & Experience
    7.9/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    30% E-Commerce Development
    70% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  11. Hughes & Co Logotype

    Hughes & Co

    Undisclosed
    Undisclosed
    10 - 49
    Thorold, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    5.2/40.0
    0/20 Reviews
    0/10 Clients & Experience
    5.2/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  12. BrandLume Inc. Logotype

    BrandLume Inc.

    $1,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    50 - 249
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    34.5/40.0
    16.4/20 Reviews
    10/10 Clients & Experience
    8.1/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  13. Aglowid IT Solutions Inc. Logotype

    Aglowid IT Solutions Inc.

    $5,000+
    < $25 / hr
    50 - 249
    Hamilton, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    27.4/40.0
    16/20 Reviews
    5.7/10 Clients & Experience
    5.7/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    30% E-Commerce Development
    70% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  14. A2 Design Inc. Logotype

    A2 Design Inc.

    $5,000+
    $25 - $49 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    29.3/40.0
    16/20 Reviews
    7.7/10 Clients & Experience
    5.6/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    20% E-Commerce Development
    80% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  15. Majestic Logotype

    Majestic

    $10,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    30.7/40.0
    15.6/20 Reviews
    8.9/10 Clients & Experience
    6.2/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  16. Devfortress Logotype

    Devfortress

    $25,000+
    $50 - $99 / hr
    10 - 49
    Toronto, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    35.8/40.0
    16.8/20 Reviews
    10/10 Clients & Experience
    9/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    25% E-Commerce Development
    75% Other
    View Profile Visit Website
  17. Midfield Interactive Logotype

    Midfield Interactive

    $10,000+
    $100 - $149 / hr
    10 - 49
    Hamilton, Canada

    Ability to deliver

    22.8/40.0
    14.6/20 Reviews
    3.3/10 Clients & Experience
    4.9/10 Market Presence

    Service focus

    10% E-Commerce Development
    90% Other
    View Profile Visit Website

Similar Categories

Related Services

Artificial Intelligence in St. Catharines Blockchain in St. Catharines AR/VR in St. Catharines IoT in St. Catharines Web Developers in St. Catharines Software Developers in St. Catharines Mobile App Development in St. Catharines

Specialties

PrestaShop OpenCart WooCommerce Magento Shopware Ecwid BigCommerce Shopify Medusa Commerce

Nearby Locations

eCommerce in Brampton eCommerce in Mississauga eCommerce in Vaughan eCommerce in Oakville eCommerce in Burlington eCommerce in Richmond Hill eCommerce in Hamilton eCommerce in Markham eCommerce in Toronto
View More

Get matched with the 5 best-fit agencies for your project—in 4 minutes or less.